In the ever-evolving landscape of retail and inventory management, the integration of innovative technologies has become imperative for streamlining operations and enhancing efficiency. Among these technologies, RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) stands out as a game-changer, particularly in the context of smart shelves. These next-generation shelving units equipped with RFID recognition capabilities offer a myriad of benefits revolutionizing the retail experience.

 

First and foremost, RFID-enabled smart shelves significantly improve inventory management. Traditional inventory tracking methods often involve manual processes that are labor-intensive and prone to errors. With RFID technology, each item is embedded with a unique identifier tag, allowing for seamless tracking throughout the supply chain. As products are placed or removed from the shelves, the RFID readers automatically update inventory levels in real-time. This not only reduces the time and resources required for inventory checks but also minimizes the likelihood of stockouts or overstock situations.

 

Moreover, smart shelves enhance the overall shopping experience for customers. By leveraging RFID technology, retailers can implement dynamic pricing strategies and personalized promotions based on individual customer preferences and purchasing history. For instance, as a customer approaches a shelf, the RFID system can detect their presence and display relevant product information or targeted discounts on nearby screens. This level of interactivity not only increases customer engagement but also facilitates upselling and cross-selling opportunities.

 

Furthermore, RFID-equipped smart shelves play a crucial role in enhancing security and preventing theft. Traditional security measures such as security cameras and electronic article surveillance (EAS) tags have limitations in terms of effectiveness and efficiency. In contrast, RFID technology offers a more sophisticated approach to theft prevention. Each item tagged with an RFID chip can be tracked throughout the store, enabling retailers to monitor movement patterns and detect any suspicious behavior in real-time. Additionally, RFID-enabled anti-theft gates at store exits can automatically trigger alarms if untagged items are detected, deterring potential shoplifters.

 

Another significant advantage of RFID-enabled smart shelves is their ability to optimize restocking processes. By continuously monitoring inventory levels, the system can generate automated replenishment notifications when stock levels fall below predefined thresholds. This ensures that shelves are consistently well-stocked, minimizing instances of out-of-stock items and improving overall customer satisfaction. Furthermore, retailers can gain valuable insights into consumer purchasing patterns and demand trends by analyzing RFID data, enabling them to make informed decisions regarding inventory management and product assortment.

 

In conclusion, the integration of RFID identification technology into novel smart shelves represents a paradigm shift in retail operations. From improving inventory management and enhancing the shopping experience to enhancing security and optimizing restocking processes, the benefits of RFID-enabled smart shelves are manifold. As retailers continue to embrace digital transformation initiatives, RFID technology will undoubtedly play a pivotal role in shaping the future of retail.

In recent years, the application of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has expanded into various sectors, including university environments where safety and efficient management of chemicals are paramount. This article delves into how RFID technology is revolutionizing chemical management in higher education institutions.

 

Introduction to RFID Technology

RFID technology utilizes electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. It consists of RFID tags, RFID readers, and a database system. RFID tags store unique identification information, while RFID readers communicate with the tags and transmit data to the database system for processing.

 

Challenges in University Chemical Management

Managing chemicals in university laboratories presents several challenges, including inventory control, regulatory compliance, and safety concerns. Traditional methods relying on manual tracking and paper-based records are often time-consuming, error-prone, and inefficient.

 

The Role of RFID in Chemical Management

RFID technology offers a comprehensive solution to address the challenges associated with chemical management in universities.

 

Here's how RFID is transforming the process:

Inventory Control: RFID tags are attached to chemical containers, enabling real-time tracking of inventory levels. As chemicals are moved or used, RFID readers automatically update the database, providing accurate inventory information at all times.

Regulatory Compliance: Universities must adhere to strict regulations regarding the handling, storage, and disposal of chemicals. RFID technology allows for automated monitoring of compliance by tracking important data such as expiration dates, storage conditions, and usage logs.

Safety Enhancement: Safety is paramount in laboratory environments. RFID technology enhances safety by providing instant access to critical information, such as hazardous properties of chemicals and emergency response procedures. In the event of a chemical spill or emergency, RFID systems

Intelligent traffic management is the process of using advanced technological means to intelligently manage and optimize urban traffic. In this process, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology, as an efficient and convenient identification and tracking technology, is widely used in intelligent traffic systems, bringing revolutionary changes to traffic management. This article explores the application of RFID readers and tags in intelligent traffic management and provides specific examples.

 

Firstly, one of the applications of RFID technology in intelligent traffic management is vehicle identification and management. By installing RFID tags on vehicles, traffic management departments can achieve automatic identification and management of vehicles. For example, RFID readers can be set up at toll booths, parking lots, or intersections. When vehicles pass by, the reader can automatically identify the RFID tags on the vehicles and transmit the vehicle information to backend systems for processing, enabling seamless passage and automatic billing. This approach not only improves the efficiency of traffic management and reduces labor costs but also effectively alleviates traffic congestion issues.

 

Secondly, RFID technology can also be used in road monitoring and safety management in intelligent traffic management. By placing RFID tags on traffic signals, road signs, road facilities, etc., real-time monitoring and management of road conditions can be achieved. For example, RFID readers installed at intersections in urban roads can monitor the status of traffic signals and vehicle passage, promptly detect traffic violations, and take appropriate actions, thereby enhancing traffic safety and management levels.

 

Additionally, RFID technology can be applied to public transportation management and passenger services. By installing RFID tags on buses, subway cars, and other transportation vehicles, automatic recording and statistics of passenger boarding and alighting can be achieved, providing passenger flow analysis and optimization suggestions. For instance, RFID readers on city buses can automatically record passenger information when passengers swipe cards to board and alight, assisting traffic management departments in formulating reasonable bus route plans and schedules, thereby improving the operational efficiency and service quality of public transportation.

 

In conclusion, RFID technology plays an important role in intelligent traffic management and has achieved significant results in vehicle identification and management, road monitoring and safety management, public transportation management, and passenger services. With the continuous advancement of technology and the expansion of application scenarios, RFID technology will continue to provide strong support for the construction and development of intelligent traffic systems, making greater contributions to the intelligent management and optimization of urban traffic.

Mining thin coal seams presents numerous challenges due to unique geological conditions and working environments. Thin coal seams, typically less than 1.3 meters thick, are particularly difficult to mine. The main difficulties include:

  1. Confined Space: The narrow space of thin coal seams severely restricts the operation and movement of mining equipment, increasing operational complexity.
  2. Roof Management: Managing the roof in thin coal seams is challenging due to the high risk of collapses, which endanger workers' safety.
  3. Resource Waste: Traditional mining methods often result in significant coal resource waste, preventing efficient extraction.
  4. Environmental Monitoring: The complex environmental conditions of thin coal seams, such as high concentrations of coal dust and hazardous gases like methane, require continuous monitoring and control.

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology plays a crucial role in the intelligent control of thin coal seam shearers. The working principle of RFID in this context is as follows:

 

First,RFID tags and readersare installed on mining equipment and key locations within the mine. Each RFID tag has a unique identification code and can store information such as equipment status, location, and operating hours. RFID readers are responsible for reading tag information and transmitting the data to the control system.

During the mining process, the RFID system enablesreal-time positioning and tracking. As the mining equipment moves, RFID readers continuously read information from the RFID tags on the equipment and transmit the data to the central control system. Through this data, the control system can monitor the equipment's position and operational status in real-time, ensuring safe and efficient operations within the confined space.

 

Secondly, RFID technology aids inroof management. By installing RFID tags on roof support equipment, the position and status of the supports can be monitored in real-time, allowing for timely detection and management of potential roof collapse risks, thus ensuring worker safety.

To improve resource utilization efficiency, the RFID system canoptimize the mining path. By analyzing operational data from the equipment, the control system can adjust the shearer's working path to avoid redundant cutting and resource waste, thereby achieving efficient mining.

 

Moreover, RFID technology plays an important role inenvironmental monitoring. Environmental monitoring devices within the mine can be equipped with RFID tags to record real-time data on the concentrations of hazardous gases such as methane and coal dust. This data is transmitted to the control system via RFID readers, enabling real-time monitoring and early warning of the mine's environmental conditions.

 

RFID technology, through its application in thin coal seam shearers, realizes intelligent monitoring and management of mining equipment and mine environments. The real-time positioning, roof management, path optimization, and environmental monitoring capabilities of the RFID system not only enhance the safety and efficiency of thin coal seam mining but also significantly reduce resource waste, promoting the intelligent development of the coal industry.

Pot magnets are indispensable components in various magnetic assemblies, offering a versatile solution for securing, holding, and positioning objects. Among the different types of pot magnets available, the Rare Earth N52 Neodymium Cup Pot Magnet with Screw Thread stands out for its exceptional strength and durability. In this blog post, we will explore tips and tricks to maximize the potential of this powerful Neodymium pot magnet.

Tip 1: Choosing the Right Size

When selecting a pot magnet, it is crucial to consider the size that suits your specific application. The N52 Neodymium Pot Magnet with a 20mm diameter and M6 thread offers a balanced combination of strength and versatility. Ensure that the magnet’s size matches the task at hand, as using an undersized magnet may result in compromised performance.

Tip 2: Understanding the Threaded Design

The M6 thread on the N52 Neodymium Pot Magnet allows for easy installation and secure fastening. This threaded design proves advantageous as it provides stability and prevents the magnet from slipping or detaching under load. Make sure to select appropriate hardware and fasteners to optimize the magnet’s threaded connection.

Tip 3: Proper Handling and Maintenance

Neodymium magnets, including the N52 Neodymium Cup Pot Magnet, require careful handling to avoid damage or injury. Due to their exceptional strength, these magnets can attract or repel each other with force, causing damage if mishandled. Additionally, they are vulnerable to corrosion, so it’s important to keep them clean and dry.

Tip 4: Ensuring Adequate Surface Contact

For optimal performance, ensure the pot magnet has proper surface contact with the object it is holding. Eliminate any barriers that may hinder magnetic attraction, such as paint, rust, or uneven surfaces. A clean and smooth contact surface maximizes the magnet’s adhesive strength, providing a reliable and secure hold.

Tip 5: Temperature Considerations

Neodymium magnets are sensitive to temperature changes, and their performance may be affected at extreme temperatures. It’s crucial to consider the operating temperature range specified for the N52 Neodymium Pot Magnet and ensure it remains within those limits. Exposure to temperatures that exceed the magnet’s limit can lead to irreversible loss of magnetism.

Tip 6: Exploring Magnet Assembly Possibilities

The N52 Neodymium Pot Magnet with Screw Thread offers endless possibilities for magnetic assemblies. Combine multiple pot magnets to create custom fixtures, magnetic tool holders, or magnetic workholding systems. By exploring different assembly methods, you can unlock the full potential of these robust magnets.

Tip 7: Safety First

While working with strong magnets, always prioritize safety. Keep them away from children and people with pacemakers or other medical devices. When handling multiple magnets, exercise caution as they may unexpectedly attract or snap together forcefully. It is advisable to wear protective gloves and eyewear, especially when dealing with larger pot magnets.

In conclusion, the Rare Earth N52 Neodymium Cup Pot Magnet with Screw Thread is a powerhouse when it comes to magnetic assemblies. By following these tips and tricks, you’ll be able to harness the full potential of this versatile magnet. Remember to choose the right size, handle and maintain it with care, ensure proper surface contact, consider temperature limitations, explore assembly possibilities, and above all, prioritize safety. So go ahead, and let your magnetic creativity flourish with these exceptional pot magnets!

In scientific research and industrial applications, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) plays a pivotal role in studying materials at the microscopic level. This blog presents the available SEM options locally and internationally for researchers, engineers, and professionals looking for reliable SEM suppliers in Nigeria. Whether looking for a trusted Nigerian supplier or exploring international shipping possibilities, read on to learn about the suppliers that can fulfill your SEM needs.

 

I. Local Scanning Electron Microscope Suppliers in Nigeria:

 

Sycamore Nigeria Limited: It is a prominent supplier of scientific and laboratory equipment in Nigeria, including SEMs.

 

Lifepage Group: It is another renowned company in Nigeria that supplies advanced scientific equipment including SEM.

 

Omnipotech Solutions: It is a leading supplier of laboratory equipment including SEM.

 

 

II. International Scanning Electron Microscope Suppliers that Ship to Nigeria:

 

Thermo Fisher Scientific: It is a renowned international supplier of scientific equipment, offering various models of SEM.

 

Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation: It is a globally recognized manufacturer and supplier of SEMs.

 

Carl Zeiss: It is a world-renowned optics and optoelectronics company offering high-quality SEM systems.

 

CIQTEK Co., Ltd.: CIQTEK is the world's leading scientific instrumentation company offering various types of high-quality SEMs including CSEMFESEMFIB-SEM, and so on.

Products can be shipped to Nigeria through their well-established global distribution.

Prices are more favorable compared to other brands, and over 1000 customers have given unanimous positive feedback.

They offer a professional SEM service team to help you find the best SEM solutions. Free Quote and customized demo now.

Website: https://www.ciqtekglobal.com/

 

CIQTEK Scanning Electron Microscope

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

JEOL Ltd: It is a manufacturer of scientific equipment including SEM.

 

Leica Microsystems: Leica Microsystems is a trusted supplier of microscope systems including SEM.

 

 

When looking for a supplier of scanning electron microscopes in Nigeria, it is crucial to consider both local options as well as international suppliers that offer shipping services. It is recommended that you visit the official websites of these companies to gather more valid information and get quotes.

 

 

Express gratitude to our valued partner, SciMed, for releasing an incredible promotional video showcasing the remarkable features of the SEM3200 Scanning Electron MicroscopeWe are glad to share the key highlights presented in this video.

 

Question 1. What makes the CIQTEK SEM3200 unique?

Question 2. What types of samples can the SEM3200 handle?

Question 3. What detectors are compatible with the SEM3200?

Question 4. How does the SEM3200 benefit researchers?

......

Throughout the video, SciMed has thoughtfully addressed common questions surrounding the SEM3200. They touch upon topics such as sample preparation techniques, imaging modes, data analysis software, and the diverse applications of the microscope across various scientific disciplines. This comprehensive overview provides researchers with a deeper understanding of the SEM3200's functionalities and potential contributions to their specific fields of study.

In modern retail environments, shop windows are not just showcases for products but also visual focal points that attract customers. LCD Digital Signage has become an essential tool for shop window displays due to its superior display quality and flexible content management. However, selecting the right LCD Digital Signage is not an easy task. This article will explore eight crucial factors to consider when choosing LCD Digital Signage for shop windows, helping you make an informed decision.

 

LCD Digital Signage

 

1. Superior Sunlight Readability

Shop windows often face direct sunlight and bright lighting conditions. Therefore, choosing Shop Window Digital Signage with high brightness and anti-glare capabilities is essential. This ensures the screen remains visible in all lighting conditions.

Recommended Standards

  • Brightness: At least 3000 nits

2. Efficient Space Utilization

Space in shop windows is limited. Therefore, the design of LCD Digital Signage should be as compact as possible without compromising display quality. Thin designs and flexible installation options can maximize the available space.

Recommended Standards

  • Ultra-thin bezel design
  • Wall-mounted or hanging installation

3. Long-lasting Durability

Shop window displays often need to run for extended periods. Choosing durable LCD screens with long lifespans can reduce maintenance costs and replacement frequency, ensuring long-term stable display performance.

Recommended Standards

  • Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) over 50,000 hours

4. Vivid Image Quality

The image quality of the display directly impacts the customer's visual experience. Choosing LCD screens with vibrant colors and high contrast can present more vivid product images and attract customers' attention.

Recommended Standards

  • Color gamut coverage: NTSC 85% or higher
  • Contrast ratio: 3000:1 or higher

5. Ultra-High-Definition Display

High resolution allows for sharper, more detailed images, enhancing the visual effect. In terms of detail display and text content, 4K or higher resolution screens perform exceptionally well.

Recommended Standards

  • Resolution: At least 3840x2160 (4K)

6. Intelligent Brightness Adjustment

Automatic brightness sensors can adjust the screen's brightness according to the ambient light, ensuring optimal visibility, extending the screen's lifespan, and saving energy.

Recommended Standards

  • High sensitivity brightness sensor
  • Wide automatic adjustment range

 

LCD Digital Signage

7. Flexible Installation Options

Flexible installation methods can meet the needs of different shop window designs, ensuring the screen integrates perfectly with the store layout. Whether wall-mounted, hanging, or embedded, the installation should be simple and quick.

Recommended Standards

  • Supports multiple installation methods
  • Provides detailed installation guides and accessories

 

LCD Digital Signage

 

Case Study: CNLC's Successful Project in New Zealand

To better illustrate the practical application of LCD Digital Signage, we share a successful project by CNLC in New Zealand. In an indoor shopping mall in New Zealand, CNLC installed several LCD Totems, providing high brightness and high contrast display effects. These screens enhanced the mall's visual appeal and offered rich advertising content.

Project Highlights:

  • Project Name: New Zealand Indoor Shopping Mall LCD Totem Project
  • Equipment Features: High brightness LCD screens, intelligent temperature control system, ultra-thin bezel design
  • Project Outcome: Improved the mall's advertising display effect, attracting more customer attention
  • Details: More information about the project can be found here

Conclusion

Choosing the right LCD Digital Signage for shop windows requires considering several factors, including superior sunlight readability, efficient space utilization, long-lasting durability, vivid image quality, ultra-high-definition display, energy efficiency, intelligent brightness adjustment, and flexible installation options. These factors directly impact the performance and operating costs of the display. By focusing on these key points, you can choose the most suitable LCD screen, enhancing your shop window's display effect and attractiveness.

We hope this article provides valuable insights to help you make the best choice. If you have any questions or need further consultation, please feel free to contact us.

In the manufacturing of LED display screens, gold wire and copper wire play crucial roles. These wires are responsible for connecting the electrodes on the chip's surface to the supporting frame. When electricity flows through these wires, it powers the chip, causing it to emit light. Therefore, the quality of the wire directly affects the performance and lifespan of the LED display. How do we choose between "gold wire" and "copper wire" in this ongoing technological debate? This article will take you through an in-depth understanding of these two packaging technologies and their respective characteristics.

 

1. What is Gold Wire Bonding?

 

Gold wire bonding refers to the technology of using gold wire as a conductive material to connect the chip electrodes to the frame in the LED packaging process. Gold wire offers excellent electrical conductivity and oxidation resistance, making it widely used in high-end LED packaging. This technology significantly enhances the reliability and lifespan of LED displays, especially in environments with high humidity and corrosion.

LED display screens with gold wire bonding are commonly used in high-end applications, such as outdoor billboards and large indoor displays, where high image quality, stability, and durability are crucial. Common models include P5, P3, P2.5, P2, P1.667, which are particularly suitable for ultra-high-definition small-pitch LED screens.

 

2. Which LED Display Models Use Gold Wire Bonding?

 

LED displays using gold wire bonding are usually high-end products that require long lifespan and stability. For example, a P1.667 small-pitch LED display may use gold wire-bonded SMD1010 LED lamps paired with a high-refresh-rate driver IC, delivering a delicate and clear display with an ultra-wide viewing angle. The lightweight aluminum frame design not only facilitates installation but also saves on transportation costs, making it ideal for high-end display applications.

3. What is Copper Wire Bonding?

 

Copper wire bonding involves using copper wire to connect the chip electrodes to the frame. Due to its lower cost compared to gold wire, copper wire bonding is widely adopted in mid-range and low-end LED display screens. With technological advancements, copper wire bonding has gradually overcome some initial technical challenges, such as improving conductivity and welding stability. However, copper wire is still inferior to gold wire in terms of oxidation resistance and mechanical performance, meaning it may not be as durable in harsh environments.

4. Which LED Display Models Use Copper Wire Bonding?

 

Copper wire bonding is often used in mid-range and low-end LED display screens, such as P1.25, P1.53, P1.66, P1.86, P2.0, P2.5, P3, P4. These models are commonly used in indoor home displays, small advertising screens, or in large-scale outdoor applications where cost control is crucial and the requirements for longevity and stability are relatively lower.

 

5. Differences Between Gold Wire and Copper Wire Bonding

 

  • Cost: Gold wire bonding has a high cost, primarily due to the expensive nature of gold wire. Copper wire bonding is less costly and is the preferred choice for many cost-sensitive applications. The cost of copper wire is typically only one-third or even less than that of gold wire, which presents a significant cost advantage for large-scale production of LED display screens.

  • Oxidation Resistance: Gold wire offers superior oxidation resistance, maintaining a stable connection in harsh environments. In contrast, copper wire is more prone to oxidation, which can result in poor connections or metal deformation, affecting the product's quality and lifespan.

  • Weld Point Contact: Gold wire bonding excels in weld point contact, ensuring a stable connection between the chip and the frame. Due to its material characteristics, copper wire may not easily bond tightly with the frame, and the weld points can be prone to cracking or damage, impacting reliability.

  • Thermal Conductivity: Copper wire has better thermal conductivity than gold wire, which helps in rapid heat dissipation in high-power LED applications, improving the display's efficiency and stability. However, in most LED display applications, electrical conductivity and oxidation resistance are usually more critical factors.

 

6. How to Choose Between Gold Wire or Copper Wire Bonding?

 

When choosing between gold wire or copper wire bonding, it is essential to consider the actual application scenarios and performance requirements. For high-end applications that require high reliability and a long lifespan, gold wire bonding is the better choice, such as for large outdoor billboards and premium indoor displays. For cost-sensitive applications or mid to low-end markets, copper wire bonding is more attractive due to its cost advantages.

 

 

Conclusion

 

Both gold wire bonding and copper wire bonding have unique advantages and application scenarios. As technology continues to advance and costs keep optimizing, these two packaging technologies will continue to play essential roles in the LED display screen industry. Understanding their features and differences will help us choose the right LED display products for our needs, promoting healthy industry development.

 

 

At CNLCdisplay, we understand the importance of delivering high-quality and reliable smart advertising machines to our clients. To ensure that each product meets our stringent standards, every unit undergoes a comprehensive quality testing process before being shipped. This meticulous approach guarantees that our machines perform flawlessly in various conditions and environments.

Comprehensive Quality Testing

48-Hour Power-On Test

Before any CNLC advertising machine leaves our facility, it undergoes a 48-hour continuous power-on test. This test involves powering up the machine and running it for two full days to identify any potential electrical or operational issues. By monitoring the machine's performance over an extended period, we can ensure its reliability and stability.

Display Performance Test

During the power-on test, we also conduct a display performance test. This involves playing various content to check the quality of the display, ensuring that the visuals are clear, vibrant, and free from any defects. This step ensures that the Digital Signage Display will provide an excellent viewing experience for the audience.

Waterproof Test

Given that many of our products are designed for outdoor use, it's crucial that they are waterproof. Each machine undergoes a waterproof test to verify its ability to withstand rain and other moisture-related challenges. This ensures that our Outdoor Digital Signage can operate effectively in all weather conditions.

High and Low Temperature Test

To ensure that our advertising machines can perform in various environmental conditions, we subject them to high and low temperature tests. This process involves exposing the machines to extreme temperatures to check their durability and functionality. By simulating harsh conditions, we can guarantee that our products will operate reliably, regardless of the climate.

Internal and External Inspection

After the aforementioned tests, our quality control team conducts a thorough inspection of both the internal structure and external appearance of each machine. This step involves checking all internal components to ensure they are securely installed and functioning correctly. Additionally, the exterior is examined for any signs of damage or imperfections, ensuring that the machine is visually appealing and meets our high aesthetic standards.

Final Quality Assurance

Only after passing these stringent tests and inspections does the advertising machine proceed to the final stage: packaging and shipment. Our quality assurance team verifies that each unit meets all specified criteria before it is carefully packaged to prevent any damage during transit. This final check ensures that our clients receive a product that is not only high-performing but also visually impeccable.

Why Choose CNLC's Advertising Machines?

  1. Rigorous Testing: Each machine undergoes multiple tests, including a 48-hour power-on test, display performance test, waterproof test, and high and low temperature tests.
  2. Detailed Inspections: Comprehensive checks of internal components and external surfaces to identify and address any defects.
  3. High Standards: Our quality assurance process ensures that every machine meets the highest standards of performance and appearance.
  4. Safe Packaging: Careful packaging to protect the machine during transit, ensuring it arrives in perfect condition.

Conclusion

At CNLC, we are committed to delivering advertising machines that exceed our clients' expectations. Our rigorous quality testing process ensures that each Digital Signage Display and Outdoor Digital Signage is ready to perform reliably in any environment. By choosing CNLC, you are investing in a product that combines cutting-edge technology with uncompromising quality and durability.

This blog post highlights CNLC's dedication to quality assurance and the meticulous testing process that each advertising machine undergoes before shipment. We hope this gives you confidence in the reliability and performance of our products. If you have any questions or need further information, please feel free to contact us.