CIQTEK, a leading provider of advanced scientific instruments, announces the successful completion of a comprehensive training program focused on the operation and application of cutting-edge Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) series with GSEM KOREA. The training took place at CIQTEK Application Center from August 7th to 8th and aimed to enhance agent's expertise in high-resolution imaging for various scientific disciplines, providing valuable insights into the advanced features and functionalities.

The program featured a team of experienced trainers and technical experts from CIQTEK, who guided attendees through the intricacies of SEM operation. Participants gained insights into sample preparation techniques, imaging parameters optimization, and data analysis methodologies to obtain high-quality images and extract valuable information from the samples with precision.

Dr. Lisa, Senior Applications Scientist at CIQTEK, expressed her enthusiasm for the successful collaboration with GSEM KOREA, stating, "We are thrilled to have partnered with GSEM KOREA to deliver this comprehensive training program. And through this training, we aimed to equip researchers with the necessary skills to leverage these instruments effectively."

CIQTEK is committed to promoting scientific advancements and empowering researchers with cutting-edge technologies. By organizing training programs and partnering with leading company like GSEM KOREA, CIQTEK continues to facilitate knowledge exchange and foster innovation in scientific research.

Research Publications

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental: S2-doping inducing self-adapting dual anion defects in ZnSn(OH)6 for highly efficient photoactivity.

Application of CIQTEK EPR200-Plus Series

AFM: Simultaneous CO2 and H2O Activation via Integrated Cu Single Atom and N Vacancy Dual-Site for Enhanced CO Photo-Production.

Application of CIQTEK EPR200-Plus Series

Background

In the past century, with the massive growth of population and the continuous expansion of industrial scale, large amounts of traditional fossil energy such as oil, coal, and natural gas have been burned, resulting in problems such as resource shortages and environmental pollution. How to solve these problems has always been the direction of research. With the introduction of policies such as "carbon peaking" and "carbon neutrality", limited resources can no longer meet people's growing development needs, and it is of great significance to seek a sustainable solution. Scientists have focused on many sustainable energy sources. Among clean energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, hydro energy, geothermal energy and tidal energy, solar energy stands out due to its clean, renewable and huge energy. How to make full use of solar energy and in Solving energy shortages and reducing pollution emissions while applying it to the degradation of pollutants has become a research direction that researchers are committed to.

At present, photocatalytic materials are roughly divided into two categories: inorganic semiconductor photocatalysts and organic semiconductor photocatalysts. Inorganic semiconductor photocatalysts mainly include: metal oxides, metal nitrides, and metal sulfides; organic semiconductor photocatalysts include: g-C3N4, linear covalent polymers, covalent porous polymers, covalent organic frameworks, and covalent triazines Organic framework. Based on the principle of photocatalysis, photocatalytic semiconductors are used in photocatalytic water splitting, photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction, photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, photocatalytic organic synthesis, and photocatalytic production of ammonia.

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technology is currently the only method that can directly, in-situ, and non-destructively detect unpaired electrons. EPR technology can directly detect vacancies (oxygen vacancies, nitrogen vacancies, sulfur vacancies, etc.) and doped electrons in photocatalytic materials. The valence state of heterotransition metals. In addition, EPR technology can also detect free radicals such as e-, h+, •OH, O2•-, 1O2, SO3•- generated on the surface of the photocatalyst.

EPR Technology Test Examples

CN (Cu1/N2CV-CN) photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction

(1) EPR technology directly detects transition metal copper and N2C vacancies in the photocatalytic material CN;

(2)EPR technology supports the analysis results of XAFS. The EPR spectrum shows three peaks corresponding to g‖ of Cu, indicating that the coordination of the Cu center with three identical N atoms is attributed to the ultra-fine interaction between Cu atoms and nearby N atoms.

(3) EPR technology can detect the hydroxyl radicals generated on the surface of the photocatalyst to identify the photocatalyst performance; with the introduction of N2C vacancies, the intensity of hydroxyl radicals increases significantly, promoting the dissociation of water.

Zn2SnO4 photocatalytic degradation of NO

(1) EPR technology directly detects oxygen vacancies in photocatalytic materials;

(2) EPR technology detects and characterizes hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals, and singlet oxygen generated on the surface of photocatalytic materials, verifies the performance of photocatalytic materials, and optimizes the NO degradation process;

(3) As the illumination time increases, the concentrations of O2•-, •OH, and 1O2 increase, which promotes the removal of NO; the photocatalyst BZTO-5 that introduces double anion defect sites produces more O2•-, •OH, and 1O2 than ZTO. The higher equal concentration indicates that the double anion defect site photocatalyst has better photocatalytic performance;

(4) EPR technology can directly prove the results of free radical quenching experiments and directly verify the NO degradation mechanism.

CIQTEK Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

CIQTEK has currently launched a full range of commercial X-band electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometers with core independent intellectual property rights:

X-Band Pulse EPR Spectroscopy | EPR100

X-Band CW-EPR Spectroscopy | EPR200-Plus

Benchtop EPR Spectroscopy | EPR200M

W-Band High-frequency EPR Spectroscopy | EPR-W900

It has important and extensive applications in the fields of chemistry, environment, materials physics, bio-medicine, food, and industry.

With the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, the computing power and data transmission needs of AI clusters are increasing. To meet this demand, optical module technology is also advancing. High-rate optical modules, as a new generation of high-speed optical communication solutions, are being gradually applied to AI clusters to provide them with more efficient and stable data transmission capabilities. The port rate of optical modules interconnected in the computer room of the Smart Computing Center has reached 800G, and continues to evolve to high speed (1.6T/3.2T).

I.The next five years in the AI cluster Ethernet optical module demand forecasts

As early as July 23, LightCounting (hereinafter referred to as LC), a research institute within the optical communications industry, released the "Super Data Center Optics Report", which indicated that the total sales of Ethernet optical modules for AI clusters in the next five years will reach $17.6 billion, accounting for 38% of all Ethernet optical modules market. The report forecasts the global Ethernet optical module market size to be around $5.2 billion, $6.5 billion, and $8.3 billion in 2023, 2024, and 2025, respectively, upwardly revised by around 8%, 25%, and 43% from last year's Q1 report, respectively, and it can be seen that the vast majority of incremental growth is coming from the demand for AI clusters, and the organization believes that the application of AI clusters will set off a whole new wave of demand for optical products.

At the same time, LC also said that the new design of large enterprise AI systems will require more optics, and the deployment of head enterprise networks in the next two years may require 2 million 400G SR4 optical modules and 6 million 800G SR8 optical modules. In response, LC significantly raised its 2024 & 2025 Ethernet optical module market forecast, and if combined with the new demand from head enterprises, the digital pass optical module market is highly resilient. Super Ethernet Alliance was established to target high-performance AI cluster networks, Ethernet AI optical modules and application front-end network upgrades will constitute a market driver beyond the head enterprises in the optical communications industry.

II.Development and Application of High-Speed Optical Module in AI Cluster

In AI applications, the surge in data volume puts higher requirements on the bandwidth of optical interconnection technology. Currently, many short-distance links constructed with 400G SR4 and 800G SR8 optical modules use VCSEL lasers with an operating rate of 106Gb/s. The next step in the evolution of the technology is to increase the single-lane rate of the optical channel to 200G/lane, in conjunction with the number of 4-channel optical channels, to further reduce the cost and power consumption of the 800G module; and to synchronously evolve to a single-module bandwidth to 1.6T (8-channel optical path).

In AI clusters, 400G SR4 optical modules are commonly used for the connection between servers and switches. Since AI training and inference processes require large amounts of data transmission, high-speed and stable network connectivity is critical. 400G SR4 optical modules can provide sufficient bandwidth and low-latency transmission environments to ensure that AI model training and data processing are carried out efficiently. 800G SR8 optical modules are mainly used for core network connectivity in mega-scale AI clusters and data centers. As the complexity of AI models and the amount of data increase, 800G SR8 optical modules can provide the required high bandwidth and low latency connections to support the rapid transmission and processing of massive data.

III.Optical interconnect technology innovation in AI scenarios

Low power consumption and low latency are indispensable features of optical interconnect technology. Low power consumption means less energy consumption and lower operating costs, while low latency means faster response time and higher data processing efficiency. To meet these demands, optical interconnect technology needs to be optimized in design to reduce energy loss and improve transmission efficiency.

AI requires high system stability, so optical interconnect technology must be highly reliable. This requires us to optimize the end-to-end design of the system to ensure the stability and reliability of data transmission. At the same time, we also need to focus on the evolvability and interconnectivity of LPOs to adapt to the evolving needs of AI technology.

In addition, intelligent operation and maintenance of optical interconnection technology is becoming increasingly important. Intelligent O&M can not only help enterprises monitor the operation status of the system in real time, but also carry out predictive maintenance based on data analysis to improve the availability and stability of the system. In addition, intelligent O&M can help us optimize resource allocation and improve the overall performance of the system.

Silicon optical technology is expected to see high growth as the rate increases and single-mode downlink accelerates. With its advantages of high speed, low power consumption and miniaturization, silicon optical technology plays an increasingly important role in optical interconnection technology in AI scenarios. We have reason to believe that silicon optical technology will play an even more important role in future AI applications.

We all know that the traditional 100G optical module uses 4x25G optical channels parallel or wavelength division multiplexing for transmission, and the mainstream optical modules on the market are mainly 100G SR4/CWDM4/PSM4/LR4/ZR4 and so on. The 100G single-wave optical module we introduce to you today uses single-wavelength 100G PAM4 modulation technology, which can better reduce production costs and obtain higher transmission efficiency.

I.the difference between the traditional 100G optical module and 100G single-wave optical module

The traditional 100G optical module uses 4x25G NRZ technology. Using four separate transmit and receive channels, four 25Gb/s electrical data can be converted into four LAN WDM optical signals, which can then be multiplexed into one 100Gb/s optical transmission. At the receiving end, the 100Gb/s optical input is demultiplexed into a 4-channel LAN WDM optical signal, which is then converted into a 4-channel electrical data output.

In addition, the traditional 100G optical module requires separate transmitting and receiving devices on each channel, which not only increases the power consumption and space occupation of the optical module, but also increases the cost. The 100G single-wave optical module converts four 25Gbps NRZ signals at the end of the circuit into a single 53Gbps signal through DSP processing of PAM chip by driving the cooled electric absorption modulated DFB laser (EML). This technology significantly increases the signal transmission rate and effectively reduces the number of signal channels required compared to traditional NRZ modulation technology.

The 100G single-wave optical module uses the more advanced PSM4 parallel transmission technology, reducing the number of light transmitting and receiving units from 4 to 1, which can reduce the cost by more than 40%. Because 100G single-wave technology uses single-channel PAM4 technology, this innovation makes it feasible to smoothly upgrade 100G to 4x100G (400G optical module).

II.ETU-LINK 100G single wave series products

ETU-LINK 100G single-wave optical module currently has four models: 100G QSFP28 DR1/FR1/LR1/ER1. They are suitable for services that use single-mode fiber for high-speed data communication of 100Gb/s, operating at 1310nm, and the optical signal is multiplexed to the single-mode fiber using a duplex LC connector. The series is designed according to QSFP28 multi-source Protocol (MSA) with form factor, optical/electrical connection and digital diagnostic interface. The 100G QSFP28 optical module has a maximum transmission link of 40km in single-mode OS2 optical fiber, and is usually used in data center interconnection, 100G Ethernet, enterprise networks and other fields.

As a professional platform for a full range of optical networking products and services, ETU-LINK provides you with a reliable and cost-effective, cost-saving single-wave 100G QSFP28 optical module in an airtight package (or non-airtight) solution. The content of this article is over here, if you want to know more product information, you can leave a message or private message below the article, more content we see next time!

With the rapid development of information technology and the increasing demand for network, the demand for high-speed and high-bandwidth data transmission equipment is becoming increasingly urgent. As a high-speed optical module, 800G is becoming the "new darling" of data centers. In this issue, we will take a look at the technical principle of 800G OSFP 2xSR4 optical module products and its application prospects.

I.800G OSFP 2xSR4 Optical module Overview

The ETU-LINK 800G OSFP 2xSR4 optical module is a fiber optic transceiver module designed for 100m optical communication applications and is designed for data center 800G SR8 Ethernet links. The module converts 8 channels of 100Gb/s(PAM4) electrical input data into 8 parallel optical signals of 100Gb/s each for a total data rate of 800Gb/s. At the receiving end, the module converts 8 channels of parallel optical signals (100Gb/s each, with a total data rate of 800Gb/s) into 8 channels of 100Gb/s(PAM4) electrical output data.

The fiber optical patch cord with dual MPO-12 connectors can be plugged into the 800G OSFP SR8 module socket, enabling 800G data interconnection up to 100m.

II. Application prospect of 800G OSFP 2xSR4 optical module

With the booming development of cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence and other fields, the demand for high-performance network equipment continues to increase. As the representative of current technology level, 800G OSFP 2xSR4 optical module has broad application prospects.

Data centers and cloud networks: As the core of information processing and storage, data centers have extremely high requirements for high-speed, high-bandwidth network connections. The high-density design and high-speed transmission rate of the 800G OSFP 2xSR4 optical module make it an ideal choice for data center network upgrades to meet the needs of large-scale data transmission.

5G communication network: With the commercial advancement of 5G technology, the demand for optical communication technology is also increasing. The 800G OSFP 2xSR4 optical transceiver module has the advantages in transmission rate and stability, and can be used as an optical fiber transmission channel to achieve high-speed data transmission between different nodes, making it an important part of the 5G communication network to support high-speed and large-capacity data transmission.

Artificial intelligence supercomputing: The development of big data, AI technology, and intelligent supercomputing technology requires the support and matching of high-speed optical modules, so the demand for 800G optical modules will gradually increase.

This article ends here, 800G OSFP 2xSR4 optical module as a low power consumption, high reliability, economical and energy-saving pluggable optical transceiver module, its emergence for the development of modern communication technology provides a huge support power.

About ETU-LINK

ETU-LINK has been a leading manufacturer of optical modules, Dacs and AOC for nearly a decade. We are proud of not only the honor of being a high-tech enterprise, but also the rich experience we have accumulated in the field of optical modules. Whether in technological innovation or product quality, we always adhere to the pursuit of excellence, to provide customers with high-quality optical communication solutions. If you want to know more about ETU-LINK DAC products, you can send us a private message or leave a message, we will get back to you as soon as possible after receiving relevant inquiries!

This terminal block is primarily comprised of a male header and a female socket, allowing for easy and secure connection of wires and cables.One of the key features of our Pluggable Terminal Block is its versatility in terms of spacing options. We offer a variety of standard spacing options, including 3.5mm, 3.81mm, 5.0mm, 5.08mm, 7.5mm, and 7.62mm. This allows for greater flexibility in designing and customizing your electrical connections.Pluggable Terminal Block is an electrical connection device specially designed for easy connection and removal of wires. They are usually made of insulating materials and have a pluggable wire connection function, which is used to safely connect wires to circuit boards or other electronic devices.

Pluggable terminal blocks have the following main features and advantages:

1. Plug-in connection: Pluggable terminal blocks allow users to easily insert and remove wires. They usually have a spring-type or screw-type wire connection mechanism, making the connection and removal process simpler and faster. In this way, when maintenance, replacement or repair is required, the wire can be easily removed and replaced without intervening in the entire circuit or equipment.

2. Flexibility and adjustability: Pluggable terminal blocks provide flexible wire connection methods. They usually have adjustable sockets or wiring screws that can be adjusted according to wire size or demand, suitable for wire connections of different specifications.

3. Maintenance and troubleshooting: Pluggable terminal blocks play an important role in the maintenance and troubleshooting process. Through plug-in connection, it is more convenient to check, replace or repair wires without disassembling a large number of circuit boards or equipment.

4. Identification and management: Pluggable terminal blocks usually have an identification area for marking the wires or circuits connected to each terminal block. This helps to identify and manage the connections of the circuits and improve the efficiency of maintenance and troubleshooting.

5. Reliability and safety: Pluggable terminal blocks provide reliable electrical connections and have good insulation properties. They ensure the stability and safety of the wires during the connection process, reducing the risk of wiring errors and circuit failures.

In short, pluggable terminal blocks provide a convenient, flexible and fast way to connect and remove wires. They are suitable for a variety of electronic devices and circuit boards, and provide convenience and reliability during maintenance, replacement and troubleshooting.

Our Pluggable Terminal Block is designed to be user-friendly and durable, ensuring a reliable and long-lasting connection for your applications. The easy plug-and-play design makes installation and maintenance a breeze, saving you time and effort.

Whether you are working on a large-scale industrial project or a small-scale DIY project, our Pluggable Terminal Block is the ideal solution for your wiring needs.

The 2024 IFA Show is globally recognized as one of the most significant platforms for consumer electronics and home appliances. Attendees will have the opportunity to:

• Experience First-Hand: Get hands-on experience with LVSUN’s innovative chargers and see the technology in action.
• Engage with Experts: Speak directly with LVSUN's team to gain insights into the future of charging technology.
• Explore Networking Opportunities: Connect with industry players, distributors, and tech enthusiasts who share a passion for innovative solutions.

 Conclusion

As the 2024 IFA Show approaches, LVSUN GROUP is excited to unveil their pioneering higher-power USB-C chargers that promise to transform the way we think about charging our devices. Join us at the show to witness the future of technology and innovation firsthand!

Stay tuned for more updates from LVSUN as we gear up for an electrifying event in Berlin!

International Conference on Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems(ICMRBS 2024)

It is our great pleasure to invite you to the 30th International Conference on Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems (ICMRBS 2024) which is scheduled to be held from August 18 (Sun) to 23 (Fri), 2024 in Seoul, Korea.

ICMRBS 2024 will be an ideal platform where we can freely share and discuss the current status and future directions of scientific and technological achievements in magnetic resonance.

EPR has so much to offer and so much to learn, and we aspire for this conference be the place where these conversations happen!

Meet us at Booth 22~26

Date: August 18 – August 23, 2024

Location:  COEX, Grand Ballroom, North Gate 513, Yeongdong-daero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a powerful technique for imaging and analyzing high-resolution nanoscale materials. Electron detectors are important components of the SEM, and they are responsible for capturing electrons and converting them into electrical signals. To obtain accurate and reliable results, it is crucial to choose the right electron detector. This article will discuss the key factors to consider when selecting an SEM electron detector.

Imaging Modes:

SEM detectors can operate in a variety of imaging modes, each with unique advantages. The most common imaging modes are secondary electron (SE) imaging and backscattered electron (BSE) imaging. SE imaging provides high-resolution surface information, while BSE imaging is well suited for compositional analysis due to its sensitivity to atomic number variations. Please consider the specific requirements of your study or analysis to determine the most appropriate imaging modality.

Detection Performance:

The sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of an electronic detector are key factors in the quality of an SEM image. High-performance detectors should have low noise levels and be able to detect weak signals. In addition, a sensitive detector captures more signals and facilitates the examination of various types of samples. Evaluate the detection performance metrics of different detectors and select the one that meets your analytical needs.

Energy Range and Resolution:

The energy range and resolution of an electron detector determines its ability to recognize and differentiate between electrons of different energy levels. Higher energy resolution allows for accurate characterization of material properties and elemental composition. Consider the energy range required for a specific application, such as low-energy imaging or high-atomic number material analysis, and select a detector with the appropriate energy range and resolution.

Specimen Geometry and Specimen Conductivity:

The geometric design of the SEM sample chamber should also be considered when selecting an electron detector. Different detector designs can accommodate different sample geometries, such as large or irregular samples. In addition, the conductivity of the sample can affect the choice of detector type. Materials with poor conductivity may require a specially designed detector such as the Everhart-Thornley detector. Evaluate the compatibility of the detector with the sample type and geometry.

Environmental Factors:

SEM electron detectors operate under different experimental conditions. Some detectors operate in high vacuum conditions, while others are suitable for low vacuum or environmental SEM (ESEM) environments. Consider your specific experimental requirements, such as the need for a controlled gas environment or the ability to analyze samples with variable atmospheric conditions, and select a detector that is compatible with the desired operating conditions.

>>

Choosing the right SEM electron detector is critical to obtaining high-quality imaging and analysis results. When selecting a detector, factors such as imaging mode, detection performance, energy range and resolution, specimen geometry, specimen conductivity, and environmental compatibility should be considered. By carefully evaluating these factors, researchers and users can ensure that the selected SEM electron detector meets the specific needs of their experiments, resulting in more accurate and in-depth observations at the nanoscale.

CIQTEK's self-developed SEM offers a wide range of electron detectors, such as BSED, STEM, EDS, EDX, EBSD, In-lens, ETD, etc.